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Plant production

Suter D., Frick R., Hirschi H.-U.

Results of red fescue and crested dogstail variety trials

From 2008 to 2010, the Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon ART and Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil ACW research stations tested new breeds and recommended varieties of red fescue and crested dogstail. The evaluation of the varieties was based on systematic observations of yield, vigour, juvenile development, competitive ability, winter hardiness, resistance to leaf diseases and the ability for cultivation at…
Plant production

Zanetti S., Hebeisen T.

Seed certification in Switzerland (2005-2010)

An annual average of over 50,000 tons of seed and propagation material was produced in Switzerland between 2005 and 2010. Seed certification and the seed testing laboratory at Agroscope Reckenholz- Tänikon ART Research Station help ensure that the quality of the seed produced in Switzerland is flawless and that variety-specific characteristics are retained throughout the…
Plant production

Oehl F., Jansa J., Ineichen K., Mäder P., van der Heijden M.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as bio-indicators in Swiss agricultural soils

The majority of agricultural crops as well as wild plants form a symbiotic relationship with a special group of soil fungi, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi). AM fungi perform important functions in all ecological systems colonised by plants. They form a dense network of fungal hyphal mycelia in the soil and transmit vital nutrients…
Plant production

Egger S., Höhn H.

Tree fruit extension in close cooperation with stakeholders

The description of extension activities for fruit-growing at ACW Research Station since 2004 shows how stakeholders needs have been systematically integrated in applied research by implementing a well structured annua process, both in priority-setting and evaluation of projects. Extension is expected to cover the whole range of topics arising in practice, be it varieties and…
Plant production

Charles R., Cholley E., Frei P., Mascher F.

Crop rotation, soil tillage, variety and fungicide protection in cereal production

Within the framework of long-term experiment devoted to cereal production, the factors variety and fungicide protection were added during three years (2006, 2008 and 2010) to the factors crop rotation and soil tillage already studied since 1967. This complement aimed at evaluating the influence of the cropping system on the development of diseases on winter…
Plant production

Suter D., Frick R., Hirschi H.U.

Meadow fescue variety trials: testing the performance of old and new

From 2008 to 2010, Agroscope Reckenholz- Tänikon ART and Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil ACW Research Stations tested altogether 18 varieties of meadow fescue, including 13 new cultivars, in comparative variety trials at seven locations. The varieties were assessed on the basis of systematically recorded yield, plant stock quality, early growth, competitiveness, persistence, winter hardiness, resistance to leaf…
Plant production

Charles R., Cholley E., Frei P.

Crop rotation, soil tillage, variety and fungicide protection in cereal production

Within the framework of long-term experiment devoted to cereal production, the factors variety and fungicide protection were added during three years (2006, 2008 and 2010) to the factors crop rotation and soil tillage already studied since 1967. By this complement, the aim was to evaluate to what extent variety disease tolerance and fungicide protection may…
Plant production

Calanca P., Smith P., Holzkämper A., Ammann C.

Reference evaporation and its application in agrometeorology

Climate change places the agriculture in front of new challenges. An assessment of the water requirement of grassland, pasture and arable land on the basis of the evapotranspiration potential plays a central role in the planning of adaptation measures. The reference evaporation, a concept introduced in the 1990’s by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)…
Plant production

Maltas A., Charles R., Sinaj S.

Soil fertility and crop productivity: medium-term effect of organic inputs and simplified cultivation techniques

The combined effects of the nature of fertilizers (NPK, manure + NPK and liquid manure + NPK), fractionation of the manure inputs (every year or every three years) and tillage (plowing and reduced-tillage) associated with two nitrogen rates (100 or 60 % of the optimal dose) on soil fertility and dry matter production of different…
Plant production

Kaeser A., Sereke F., Dux D., Herzog F.

Agroforestry in Switzerland

Trees in agricultural landscapes provide important benefits for the environment. Nevertheless, they are disappearing from cultivated land due to economic and operational reasons. In modern agroforestry systems, trees are planted in rows on agricultural land in order to facilitate the mechanical processing.The economic and ecological potential of modern agroforestry systems in Switzerland were examined. Productivity…
Plant production

Decurtins F., Good C., Brugger C., Franck L., Kellerhals M.

Consumer acceptance of new apple varieties in the German-speaking and in the French-speaking part of Switzerland

For a long time, the research station Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil ACW has been breeding new apple varieties. High quality varieties are developed which are resistant and tolerant to diseases and which need a minimum of plant protection. Two new selections, ACW 6375 and ACW 11907, are candidates for being introduced on the market. Therefore, two consumer…
Plant production

Bigler F., Aubert U., Dubuis P.-H., Hayer F., Hernandes-Rivera J., Mack G., Meissle M., Mouron P., Naef A., Strassemeyer J.

ENDURE – a European Network for the Durable Exploitation of Crop Protection Strategies

The EU ENDURE Project (European Network for the Durable Exploitation of Crop Protection Strategies) was concluded at the end of 2010. The four-year project saw the development of a centre of excellence, the long-term aim of which was to serve as a point of contact and platform for issues of sustainable plant protection in the…
Plant production

Krebs H., Bänziger I., Legro R.J., Vogelsang S.

Alternative control of snow mold (Microdochium nivale) in organic wheat

In the certification of organic wheat seed, the required germination capacity is often not achieved. This is frequently due to excessively high infestation with the snow mould pathogen Microdochium nivale. A warm-water treatment effectively controlled infestation on the seed. Owing to the high expenditure of energy for redrying, however, this method has not caught on…
Plant production

Bravin E.

Wissenschaft und Hortikultur füe alle? Rückblick auf den Hortikultur-Kongess in Lissabon

An der 28. internationalen Konferenz der Hortikulturwissenschaften (www.ihc2010.org) haben sich Ende August in Lissabon 3�500 Forschende und Vertreterinnen und Vertreter der Vor- und nachgelagerten Bereiche der Hortikultur aus Europa, Amerika, Afrika, Asien und Ozeanien getroffen. Die Konferenz wird alle vier Jahre durch die International Society of Horticultural Science (ISHS; siehe www.ishs.org) organisiert. Wissenschaftler der Forschungsbereiche…
Plant production

Schaub L., Breitenmoser S.

Temporal and spatial dynamics of pea weevils in pea crops

The pea weevil Sitona lineatus L. colonises pea fields sporadically in spring and damages the pea root system. To increase efficiency of insecticide treatments against this weevil, its temporal dynamics, spatial distribution and the effect of treatments were studied using traps and an aspirator. Pea weevils appeared at pea emergence, i.e. 47 degree-days after sowing.…
Plant production

Schürch S., Gindro K., Schumpp O., Monod M., Verrier J., Bohni N., Wolfender J.-L.

Chemische Kriegsführung zwischen Pilzen: ein Arsenal an bioaktiven Molekülen

Die Pilze der Gattung Fusarium sind gefährliche Krankheitserreger für Pflanzen und Menschen. Die Infektionen, die sie hervorrufen, sprechen schlecht auf herkömmliche Behandlungen an. In einem innovativen Ansatz prüfen Forschende Möglichkeiten, die chemischen Substanzen, die in der Kriegsführung zwischen Pilzen zum Einsatz kommen, zur Pilzbekämpfung in der Medizin wie auch in der Agronomie zu nutzen. Dieses…
Plant production

Dugon J., Favre G., Zimmermann A., Charles R.

Phytosanitary practices in a arable farms network from 1992 to 2004

This study, realized on a network of pilot farms animated by AGRIDEA in the French part of Switzerland and in Ticino aims to provide global information about the evolution of phytosanitary practices in arable crops. The assessment of practices focusses on the number of interventions in each crop, the number of applications and the quantity…
Plant production

Richner W., Flisch R., Sinaj S., Charles R.

Determination of nitrogen fertilization standards for arable crops

This paper explains the principle of economically optimal N-fertilisation (Nopt). This principle allows the quantitative derivation of N-fertilisation standards based on N-fertilisation trials. The optimum level of N-fertilisation thus found represents a good compromise between the economic and ecological aims of arable farming. Within the framework of the ‘Principles of Fertilisation in Arable and Forage-Crop…
Plant production

Lê C.-L., Thomas D..

In vitro production of potato microtubers: effect of culture duration

The in vitro production of potato microtubers was carried out through several stages: at first microplant growth, then initiation of stolon followed by tuber formation (or tuberization). During the last stage, it is possible to develop high quality microtubers in terms of weight and size. However, after examination, the quality of plant material produced in…
Plant production

Bosshard C., Flisch R., Mayer J., Basler S., Hersener J.-L., Meier U., Richner W.

Improving Nitrogen Efficiency via Slurry Treatment

Over the last few decades, intensified agricultural production has greatly increased fluxes of nitrogen (N) between different compartments of the biosphere, and more specifically, emissions of N compounds from agroecosystems. Agriculture is one of the main emitters of N compounds (e.g. ammonia, nitrate, nitrous oxide) whith negative impact on the environment like greenhouse-gas emissions and…

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