Subsequent to a summering period of 48 crossbred steers (Limousin x Swiss Fleckvieh) on low input mountain pastures, the effect of a finishing period on fattening performance was investigated. Steers were slaughtered either on the day of returning from the mountain pastures (no finishing) or after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of indoor finishing (loose…
Meat quality was investigated in 138 steers of the six meat breeds Angus (AN), Simmental (SI), Charolais (CH), Limousin (LI), Blonde d’Aquitaine (BL) and Piedmontese (PI). In one group (Series FG3), steers were slaughtered at the same finishing degree defined by the fat grading class 3 (CH-TAX), and in the other group (Series IMF), upon…
The ensilability and the silage quality of seven grasses and three legumes from the first, second and fourth cut was investigated. The forage was per-wilted to 30 to 35 % DM, short chopped and ensiled in laboratory silos. Ash, protein, fibre and sugar content as well as buffering capacity were different between the plant species.…
Meat quality was investigated in 138 steers of the six meat breeds Angus (AN), Simmental (SI), Charolais (CH), Limousin (LI), Blonde d’Aquitaine (BL) and Piedmontese (PI). In one group (Series FG3), steers were slaughtered at the same finishing degree defined by the fat grading class 3 (CH-TAX), and in the other group (Series IMF), upon…
In Switzerland, sunflower cultivation extend since the nineties and reaches about 5’000 ha nowadays. The sunflower seeds are not treated with insecticides (imidacloprid, fipronil) but despite that, Swiss beekeepers are complaining about colony losses if the hives are placed close enough to fields of blooming sunflower. We carried out a two years trial, in order…
In Switzerland, many mountain pastures risk to be abandoned in the near future due to a decreasing number of summered cattle on mountain pastures. In order to avoid scrub invasion and reforestation, one solution consists in developing alternative utilization schemes and in extensifying these areas. The effect of a reduced stocking rate on fattening performance…
In autumn 2005 the efficacy of the two silage additives DoubleAction Ecocorn Granulat and Fireguard WS (water-soluble product) was investigated. In addition, a treatment without additive (negative control) and a treatment with propionic acid (positive control) were tested. The maize was harvested at two different dry matter levels (30 and 40 % dry matter) and…
The review is based on surveys published between 1980 and 2003 regarding Fusarium contamination in Swiss cereals as well as the occurrence of mycotoxins in Swiss cereals and compound feeds. Aflatoxin was detected in only a few of the 3500 analysed feed samples. Low levels of aflatoxin were detected in indigenous maize that had been…
The amino acid (AA) contents of 42 forages were analysed. During three consecutive years, forage samples from the first and third cut were collected at two stages of maturity (30 days apart) on the same experimental plots. After cutting, the forage samples were either frozen (-20°C), artificially dried (forced air at 30°C, <45% relative humidity),…
Until now only rough estimations concerning the amounts of antibiotics used in milk production were available. Our objective was to obtain more reliable information on the average quantity and type of antibiotic used on dairy farms by evaluating the stipulated treatment records for milk production farms. The evaluation of the recordings from a representative sample…
Land-laws in German speaking countries contain restrictions how a farm is valued in cases of succession or inheritance. We construct a system dynamics model to estimate the impacts which legal concepts have for agricultural structures and the land market. It shows that current laws slow down structural change and prevent a broader distribution of land.
A feeding trial with dairy cows was conducted to assess the effect of different calcium concentrations in diets without or with the supplementation of anionic salts on mineral metabolism and acid-base balance in periparturient cows. Twenty-four Holstein cows were assigned to four groups. From day 263 of gestation until parturition, each group was fed a…
In a trial with 3 variants of 6 dairy cows each, different quantities of a sunflowerseed-bran-mixture (0, 2 and 3 kg) were fed in addition to grass. The aim of the study was to examine the influence of sunflowerseed to the milk fat composition. Sunflowerseed is characterised by a high portion of linoleic acid (C18:2).…
Three groups of 11 dairy cows each received the same ration composed of hay ad libitum, fodder beet and concentrate. During the experimental period 500 g fat contained in either sunflower seed, untreated and extruded linseed were distributed. Forage- and total intake were not influenced by the different oilseeds. No significant differences were detected by…
Two trials, each including 15 dairy cows divided into three variants, were conducted with the purpose to assess the effect of botanical composition of grass (first trial) and hay (second trial) on the chemical composition of milk, especially on the fatty acid profile of milk fat. The comparison included (A) a grass mixture (ray-grass, meadow…
In Switzerland, chemical additives are authorized for the preservation of moist hay. However, they are not allowed to be used on all farms (e.g. not on organic farms and milk producers for certain AOC cheeses). Therefore, the efficacy of NaCl was investigated with hay on 73,4 and 78,2 % dry matter content in laboratory scale…
The ensilability and the silage quality of six different lucerne and five different cocksfoot varieties was tested. The plants were cultivated in the variety testing program of Agroscope FAL Reckenholz. The forage of the first and third cut was used. The forage was pre-wilted to 25 % DM in the first and 30 % in…
In 2004, we tested the efficacy of the silage additive EM to promote the main fermentation. The trials were carried out in small-scale silos with a mixture of lucerne and cocksfoot. Forage of the first and also of the second cut was ensiled at two different dry matter levels (about 20 and 30 % dry…
In a three-month trial involving two groups of 15 dairy cows each, Agroscope FAT Tänikon investigated whether mixing the feed components of the basic ration or distributing a non-mixed ration had an impact on feed intake and milk yield. In the mixed-ration system, the basic ration, consisting of various silages and ventilated hay, was distributed…
In two experiments using a total of 220 weaner pigs the hypothesis was tested that apple pomace alleviates the negative effects of Fusarium toxins in pigs. The two experiments had the same two-factor design: Fusarium contaminated vs. uncontaminated wheat, and 8% apple pomace vs. no pomace in the diet. Both trials yielded similar results and…
Whereas closed housing with forced ventilation predominated in the past, nowadays, most new pig housing facilities are designed as multi-surface systems with bedding and exercise yards. New pig housing systems have to observe minimum separation distances from inhabited areas. However, these distances are not sufficient for new housing systems with natural ventilation or for exercise…
Data transfer between farms, dealers, slaughterhouse and the Swiss stock movement database is increasing, especially in response to the requirement for full animal traceability. Identification of individual animals is an important part of this system. The present practice of identifying animals by plastic ear tags has the advantages of being easy to use and inexpensive,…
The efficacy of the silage additives Bonsilage Mais Granulat and NH 708 uroSIL on aerobic stability was investigated in maize silage in comparison to a treatment without additive and a treatment with propionic acid. In addition two further treatments with urea (granular form and liquid application) were investigated. The maize was harvested at two different…
Two experiments involving a total of 80 bull calves were conducted by Agroscope Liebefeld-Posieux (ALP) at the Posieux research station, in order to evaluate possibilities of substituting cereals for a part of the liquid feed. A control group was compared to an experimental group in both trials. The animals of the control groups received an…
On a typical site in the Swiss plains the productivity of a dairy production system with maximum proportion of grazing was studied over three years (April2001 to March 2004) The experimental herd consisted of 14 Simmental/red Holstein and two Jersey cows with an average life weight of 592 kg cow-1. After an average calving date…
Agroscope Liebefeld-Posieux, the Swiss Federal Research Station for Animal Production and Dairy Products (ALP), analyses animal feeds for their content of genetically modified organisms (GMO). Since the introduction in 1999 of the declaration limits for GMO (3 % for raw materials and 2 % for mixed feeds), more than 1600 samples were drawn by the…
Milking dairy cows only once daily in late lactation increases the physiological changes in milk composition compared to „normal“ milk. Milk fat and protein contents are considerably higher, coagulation properties are deteriorated, plasminogen and plasmin concentrations are higher and pH is slightly increased. In spite of this critical transformation properties, up to 50% of such…
When storing wrapped round bales of grass silage, nutrient losses can occur due to leaking silage effluent. This is undesirable for both economic and environmental reasons. Six practical trials with a total of 62 bales of temporary ley showed the dry matter (DM) content of the initial silage to be the principal determinant of the…