Crossbred steers of the Limousin x Swiss Fleckvieh breed were summered on low input mountain pastures with varying stocking rates. During the subsequent finishing period, the effect of feeding intensity on fattening performance was investigated. Three intensity levels were compared whereby expected total energy supplies were calculated to correspond to 1,5 (int150), 1,75 (int175) or…
In a survey, the effect of alternative (ALT) compared to conventional (KON) housing systems on the post mortem pH of the M.l.d. of fattening pigs was investigated. ALT housing systems corresponded to the Swiss BTS and RAUS regulations providing for e.g. larger and enriched pens with a straw bed as well as limited outdoor access.…
The behaviour of a horse, a typical flight and herd animal, can significantly influence its use, regardless of the discipline in which it is engaged. To an average rider or driver a horse’s temperament plays a decisive role, more important even than its conformation, size or price of purchase. Despite the indisputably high significance of…
The effects of bedding straw contaminated on average with 1.4 mg/kg deoxynivalenol (DON) and 0.9 mg/kg zearalenone on the fertility of group housed sows with daily access to pasture was tested using 48 sows kept on contaminated and 48 control sows kept on uncontaminated straw from mating until farrowing. No abortions were observed during the…
The economic aspects of Swiss outdoor pig production integrated with crop rotation have been studied for the first time, including costs for rearing, breeding and fattening. The required working time per animal per day was 2,7, 15,6 and 2,3 man minutes during the rearing, the outdoor breeding and the fattening period, respectively. In the trial…
A production system with seasonal outdoor rearing of pigs can be designed to be environmentally compatible with properly planned crop rotation. An extended crop rotation of 6 – 7 years avoids damage to the soil, reduces parasite pressure and also permits the cultivation of grain legumes. It is possible to obtain an equalized nitrogen balance…
The project �Mountain Milk� ran by the Swiss College of Agriculture did not focus on technical aspects of production. But the production processes have influenced the strategic planning activities and they will be very important in implementing the strategies. Both major strategies for dairy production, the “added value” approach and the “growth” approach, are therefore…
In dairy herds, about one third of the cows are primiparous. These animals are still growing and therefore have specific nutrition requirements. The aim of this project was to show how heifers and primiparous cows are fed on Swiss dairy farms. Feeding, production and health data were collected on 60 Swiss farms for 252 animals.…
A survey of the effects of different housing systems on the fat quality of fattening pigs (fat score of the adipose tissue) did not show any disadvantages of housing systems, based on Swiss BTS and RAUS regulations (ALT), versus conventional housing systems (CON). The fat score of ALT pigs, which have access to an outdoor…
In a trial with three variants of six dairy cows each, forage of temporary and permanent grassland was compared with the aim to examine the influence of forage of different types of grassland and the addition of maize silage on milk fat composition. The trial lasted for five weeks. The forage was given ad libitum…
The annual milk yield per cow is not a suitable indicator for the efficiency of dairy production because it is strongly influenced by live weight, duration of lactation and production system. The feed conversion ratio (kg energy corrected milk kg dry matter – kg ECM kg-1 DM) or the surface productivity (kg ECM ha-1) are…
During three consecutive years, samples of a grass-clover mixture from the first and third cut were collected at two stages of maturity (30 days apart) on the same experimental plot. After cutting, the forage samples were either frozen (-20ºC), artificially dried (forced air at 30ºC, <45% relative humidity), wilted on the field and subsequently barn…
The 15 Large White pigs of the control group which were fed according to the Swiss recommendations received a piglet diet containing 0.32 g of digestible phosphorus (DP) per MJ digestible energy (DE) until 25 kg body weight (BW) and a grower diet containing 0.26 g DP per MJ DE until they were slaughtered at…
For decades, somatic cells counts in milk are used as an important measure for the diagnosis of udder infections in cows. The objectives of our investigation, performed on three farms during an entire lactation, was to get some data about the most important bacteria causing intramammary infections in milk sheep and to evaluate whether the…
The first soft, deformable lying mats used in cubicle housing systems are now around ten years old. The effect of the age of the mats on cows’ joint health was investigated on the basis of surveys of hock-joint lesions. The surveys took place on working farms whose mats had been in use for between eight…
The effects of a finishing strategy on meat quality was studied in 48 Limousin x Red Holstein crossbred steers that had spent the grazing season on an extensively exploited mountain pasture (with a low stocking rate). The duration of the finishing period and the possibility to exploit the compensatory growth potential were of particular interest.…
A controlled field experiment was performed in the year 2003 with 3 groups of each 20 first season grazing cattle. The efficacy of a biological (Duddingtonia flagrans) and an anthelmintic control strategy (morantel sustained release trilaminate bolus) against gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) was investigated under unusually dry and warm meteorological conditions. The external conditions resulted in…
Subsequent to a summering period of 48 crossbred steers (Limousin x Swiss Fleckvieh) on low input mountain pastures, the effect of a finishing period on fattening performance was investigated. Steers were slaughtered either on the day of returning from the mountain pastures (no finishing) or after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of indoor finishing (loose…
Meat quality was investigated in 138 steers of the six meat breeds Angus (AN), Simmental (SI), Charolais (CH), Limousin (LI), Blonde d’Aquitaine (BL) and Piedmontese (PI). In one group (Series FG3), steers were slaughtered at the same finishing degree defined by the fat grading class 3 (CH-TAX), and in the other group (Series IMF), upon…
The ensilability and the silage quality of seven grasses and three legumes from the first, second and fourth cut was investigated. The forage was per-wilted to 30 to 35 % DM, short chopped and ensiled in laboratory silos. Ash, protein, fibre and sugar content as well as buffering capacity were different between the plant species.…
Meat quality was investigated in 138 steers of the six meat breeds Angus (AN), Simmental (SI), Charolais (CH), Limousin (LI), Blonde d’Aquitaine (BL) and Piedmontese (PI). In one group (Series FG3), steers were slaughtered at the same finishing degree defined by the fat grading class 3 (CH-TAX), and in the other group (Series IMF), upon…
In Switzerland, sunflower cultivation extend since the nineties and reaches about 5’000 ha nowadays. The sunflower seeds are not treated with insecticides (imidacloprid, fipronil) but despite that, Swiss beekeepers are complaining about colony losses if the hives are placed close enough to fields of blooming sunflower. We carried out a two years trial, in order…
In Switzerland, many mountain pastures risk to be abandoned in the near future due to a decreasing number of summered cattle on mountain pastures. In order to avoid scrub invasion and reforestation, one solution consists in developing alternative utilization schemes and in extensifying these areas. The effect of a reduced stocking rate on fattening performance…
In autumn 2005 the efficacy of the two silage additives DoubleAction Ecocorn Granulat and Fireguard WS (water-soluble product) was investigated. In addition, a treatment without additive (negative control) and a treatment with propionic acid (positive control) were tested. The maize was harvested at two different dry matter levels (30 and 40 % dry matter) and…
The review is based on surveys published between 1980 and 2003 regarding Fusarium contamination in Swiss cereals as well as the occurrence of mycotoxins in Swiss cereals and compound feeds. Aflatoxin was detected in only a few of the 3500 analysed feed samples. Low levels of aflatoxin were detected in indigenous maize that had been…
The amino acid (AA) contents of 42 forages were analysed. During three consecutive years, forage samples from the first and third cut were collected at two stages of maturity (30 days apart) on the same experimental plots. After cutting, the forage samples were either frozen (-20°C), artificially dried (forced air at 30°C, <45% relative humidity),…
Until now only rough estimations concerning the amounts of antibiotics used in milk production were available. Our objective was to obtain more reliable information on the average quantity and type of antibiotic used on dairy farms by evaluating the stipulated treatment records for milk production farms. The evaluation of the recordings from a representative sample…