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Agricultural economics

Rossier R., Wyss B.

Determinants of farm succession

Agroscope FAT Tänikon investigated the farm succession situation in Swiss agriculture on the basis of a postal survey of a representative sample of 776 Swiss male and female farm managers aged 40 and over and their children living on the farm as well as several focus groups. An analysis of the factors and processes determining…
Plant production

Bohren Ch., Mermillod G., Delabays N.

First case of resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides reported in Switzerland: a biotype of loosy silk-bent (Apera spica-venti (L.) P.B.).

The first case of resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides detected in Switzerland is described in this paper. It concerns a biotype of loosy silky-bent (Apera spica-venti), one of the most serious grass weed infesting arable fields in Switzerland. The exact level and amplitude of this resistance, as well as its mechanism and genetics, still need to…
Agricultural economics

Buchli S., Flury Ch.

Policy related transaction costs of direct payments

To date, evaluations of direct payments have, in the main, neglected to consider the costs of enforcement and control. However, the question of the degree to which these policy related transaction costs influence the implementation and efficiency of agricultural policy measures is relevant for the development of agricultural policy. An assessment of policy related transaction…
Agricultural economics

Luder W.

On work productivity in agriculture

Given the pressure exerted by the high production costs of Swiss agriculture, the production factor of ‘work’ is quite rightly gaining in importance. The current discussion often deals with the quantitative productivity. This kind of productivity however can be bought by a disproportionate input of capital. The present article suggests using the work income earned…
Environment

Hausheer R. M., Conradin H., Flisch R.

Phosphorus losses in the drainage water of wet soils used as grassland

Nutrient losses from agricultural systems should be avoided for ecological and economical reasons. The leaching of phosphorus into the drainage water was investigated in a catchment area of about 10 ha used as grassland in the village of Reichenburg (SZ, Linthebene). The main factors that affect phosphorus leaching into the drainage water are precipitation, soil…
Environment

Eggenschwiler L., Iseli R., Nievergelt J., Conradin H., Keller S., Schweizer Ch.

Does the soil bebefit wildflower strips?

Several plant and animal species are promoted by wildflower strips. So far, potential benefits of this ecological compensation element to the soil have not yet been examined. Therefore, in the cantons Aargau and Basel-Land two soil aspects have been studied: five or six years old wildflower strips were compared to cereal fields and permanent meadows…
Plant production

Kleijer G., Schwärzel R.

Baking quality of winter wheat in official Swiss trials under extensiv or organic conditions

The official Swiss winter wheat trials have been carried out during 2002, 2003 and 2004 under extensiv or organic conditions. The results of baking quality analyses have been compared. Rheological analyses show generally lower results for the varieties cultivated under organic conditions when baking tests result nearly identical in both networks. Correlations between the two…
Plant production

Schwärzel R., Lévy L., Menzi M., Anders M., Winzeler H., Dörnte J.

Winter wheat cultivars in organic or extensive conditions

For the varietal study of winter wheat, two experimental networks were carried out between 2002 and 2004, one according to the requirements of organic farming and the other in extensive conditions. The purpose of the comparison of the networks was not to explain the differences between crop management in organic farming or extensive conditions, but…
Plant production

Huguenin-Elie O., Stutz C., Lüscher A., Kessler W., Gago R.

Effects of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on a low input meadow

We assessed the evolution of the yield, the nutritive value of the herbage and the botanical composition of a low input permanent meadow that received different amounts of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertilisers. The yield was reduced in similar proportion by the cessation of the N or the K fertilisation. A yield loss was…
Environment

Kampmann D., Herzog F., Konold W.

Eco-meadows maintain species richness in the Alps

In municipalities of the Swiss Alpine regions the share of ecological compensation areas (ECAs) ranges from 2 % to over 40 % of the used agricultural area. How do climatic, agronomic, or socio-economic conditions explain these variations and how does the amount of ECAs influence the success of the ecological compensation programme? As part of…
Other

Alföldi T., Tutkun-Tikir A., Lehmann B.

How the Swiss media report on farming issues

This content analysis of media coverage provides an overview, for the first time, of the frequency, depth and range of coverage of agricultural issues in the Swiss media in 2004. In total, 586 articles from eight newspapers and 55 features from six television programmes were analysed. In general, the coverage consists of factual journalism such…
Food

Berger T., Badertscher R.

Sampling of milk and dairy products

Sampling has to be based on a distinct problem definition and clear analytical questions. A detailed sampling planning has to be derived from it, including statistical considerations and being integrated in a quality system. Sampling of milk and milk products is well described in official regulations and international standards. Guidance document ISO 707 | IDF…
Agricultural economics

Lauber S., Erzinger S., Pfefferli S.

Labour-market-dependant agrarian structural change in the Swiss mountain region

The SULAPS Project uses an agrarian structure model to make prognoses on the development of mountain farming in two investigation areas in the Mittelbünden region (Canton of Grisons) for a time frame of 10-15 years. Two of the scenarios under consideration assume a major liberalisation of the agricultural markets and a halving of direct payments:…
Plant production

Krebs H., Dorn B., Forrer H.R.

Control of late blight of potato with medicinal plant suspensions

Suspensions and extracts of medicinal plants reduced foliar blight of potatoes (Phytophthora infestans) significantly in wet room experiments. The efficacy of finely ground plant material sprayed as aqueous suspensions was comparable or better than the ethanolic extracts. With aqueous suspensions the time consuming ethanolic extraction is avoided and environmental pollution with solvents during the field…
Environment

Spiess E., Prasuhn V.

Less nitrate in groundwater due to ecological measures

The impact of agricultural management on the nitrate content of groundwater in the canton of Berne was investigated with the substance flow model MODIFFUS. The nitrate content decreased on average by 12 % between 1990 and 1999, varying widely between regions. The results partly were in line with a dataset of measured values from groundwater wells.…

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