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Plant production

Forrer H.-R., Hecker A., Külling C., Kessler P., Jenny E., Krebs H.

Effect of fungicides on fusaria of wheat

In 1998 and 1999 the influence of azole and strobilurine fungicides on wheat head blight was investigated. Artificial infections with Fusarium culmorum applied in growth stage (GS) 63-65 on wheat, assured the head blight infections. In 1998 the fungicides were applied on three different cultivars in GS 57 and GS 67. Applications with azole fungicides…
Plant production

Thomet P., Hadorn M., Troxler J., Koch B.

Development of grass/white clover swards under rotational and continuous grazing with steers

Dynamics of botanical composition of four grass/white clover seed mixtures either grazed rotationally or continuously with steers were measured during four year The grazing system had little effect on the botanical composition of the swards. Perennial ryegrass was the main grass with 60 – 70 %. Arion, the first Swiss perennial ryegrass cultivar proved to…
Environment

Pfiffner L., Luka H., Jeanneret P., Schüpbach B

Effects of different field margins on carabid beetles in two different landscapes

In a national evaluation program, the effects of different field margins on the carabid fauna were investigated by using funnel pitfall traps. 109 cultivated and non-cultivated (51 field margins) sites were chosen for a biodiversity evaluation, in which carabids were used as indicators. The data of the first investigation year shows that the abundance and…
Plant production

Muheim R., Hebeisen T., Winiger F.A.

Growth parameters of potatoes are influenced by the source of seed

We investigated growth parameters from 28 varieties of potatoes, the seeds of which originated from different altitudes. It is known that different climatic conditions influence the physiological age of seed tubers. We hypothesised that seed originating from higher altitudes is physiologically younger due to a shorter growing period and lower temperatures. Therefore the number of…
Environment

Dreier S., Lips A., Volkart G., Schüpbach B., Bigler F.

Ecological compensatory areas in the mosaic of agricultural landscape

In three case studies, the spectrum of plant species was evaluated in ecological compensatory areas (extensively and less intensively cultivated meadows, flower strips, hedgerows), in the dominant cultures (winter wheat, intensively cultivated meadows, meadows in orchards) and in the edges of the forests. Habitat specificity, calculated on the base of plant composition in different types…
Food

Bachmann H.-P.

Proteinase-positive cultures lead to better melting properties of Raclette cheese

Proteolysis has a strong influence on the melting properties of Raclette cheese. In a multifactoriel cheesemaking trial the influences of the proteinase-activity of the lactococci-culture (proteinase-positive / proteinase-negative) and the type of ripening (smear ripening / foil ripening) on the melting properties of Raclette cheese were investigated. The trial showed that the proteinase-activity of the…
Environment

Hütter E., Bigler F., Fried P.M.

Planting transgenic pest resistant crops in Switzerland?

Transgenic insect-resistant crops have been commercially cultivated on a surface of around 9 mio. hectares worldwide in 1999. The main target of growing pest-resistant plants is to reduce crop losses due to insect pests and to reduce insecticide applications and thus to minimize negative impacts on the environment. Potentially negative effects are discussed for Bacillus…
Other

Frick R.

PE colour stretch films for silage bales

Within the scope of an investigation, we examined the suitability of colour PE stretch films for wrapping silage bales. Four types of films (white, black, olive green and brown) of two different manufacturers (Silotite and Teno-Spin) were used. We investigated the temperature rise beneath the film at a depth of 10 cm, the films’ influence…
Environment

Defila C

Phenological retrospective for the year 1999

L’anno 1999 è stato caratterzzato da eventi meteorologici estremi. Accanto a quantitativi record di precipitazioni, valanghe e allagamenti, bisogna pure annoverare violente tempeste invernali. In generale, l’anno è nuovamente risultato troppo caldo e a intervalli sono cadute precipitazioni molto forti. Lo sviluppo della egetazione si è però perlopiù svolto con le scadenza normali, anche se…

Testing silage additives 1999

In 1999, we investigated the efficacy of six silage additives, containing lactic acid bacteria, which should promote the main fermentation. The trials were carried out in small-scale silos with a mixture of lucerne and cocksfoot. Forage of the first and also second cut was ensiled at two different dry matter levels (about 20 and 30…
Environment

Schüpbach B., Gfeller M., Wachter U., Lips A., Harding J., Bigler F., Reisner Y., Volkart G.

Evaluation of ecological measures: the landscape of three regions in Switzerland

Biodiversity, the diversity of life at all scales, is a characteristic feature of our planet and a precondition for human life. However, only during the last two decades biodiversity has become an important research topic. Scientific projects deal with the measurement of biodiversity, the factors that affect biodiversity and with effects biodiversity itself has on…
Environment

Lips A., Harding J., Schüpbach B., Jeanneret P., Bigler F., Volkart G.

Evaluation of ecological measures: botanical diversity of meadows in three regions

In the framework of the evaluation of ecological measures promoted by the Swiss Government, a botanical survey was undertaken in three regions in 1997 or 1998. Plant species per 100 m2 were investigated in 88 meadows under different cultivation regimes (from extensively to intensively cultivated).<br>With mean of 15 to 27 spexies per region and type…
Environment

Jeanneret P., Schüpbach B., Steiger J., Waldburger M., Bigler F.

Evaluation of ecological measures: spiders and butterflies

To evaluate the impact of set aside land (ecological compensation areas) on biodiversity, spiders and butterflies were used as indicators in two regions in 1997 and 1998. The first results show that the impact of ecological compensation areas depend on the indicator and the type of area. In a typical region of arable crops, wildflower…