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Plant production

Suter D., Briner H.-U., Mosimann E., Stévenin L.

Variety Trials with Timothy and Crested Dogstail

From 2000 to 2003 and 2001 to 2003, the federal research stations Agroscope FAL Reckenholz and RAC Changins, tested 6 varieties of crested dogstail (two series) and 27 varieties of timothy, respectively. All the varieties were compared for yield, juvenile development, vigour, persistence, disease resistance, competitive ability and adaptation to higher altitudes. The digestibility of…
Animal production

Thomet P., Leuenberger S., Blättler Th.

Project Opti-Milk: Performence of the milk production based on grazed grassland

On a typical site in the Swiss plains the productivity of a dairy production system with maximum proportion of grazing was studied over three years (April2001 to March 2004) The experimental herd consisted of 14 Simmental/red Holstein and two Jersey cows with an average life weight of 592 kg cow-1. After an average calving date…
Environment

Nemecek Th., Gaillard G., Zimmermann A.

Reference values for life cycle assessment of farms

Reference values are required to analyse life cycle assessments of farms. For this purpose 27 model farms were defined for Swiss agriculture, each representing a group of farms, classified by the farm type according to the typology developed by Agroscope FAT Tänikon, by the production region (lowlands, hill, mountains) and by the farming system (integrated,…
Food

Thomet A., Bachmann H.-P., Schafroth K.

Raclette cheese with whey proteins – innovative and economical

The incorporation of precious whey proteins into semi-hard cheeses is a worldwide aim. ALP has developed an attractive new procedure to assimilate whey proteins into Raclette cheese. This new technology permits the manufacture of high quality ripe Raclette cheese with good melting properties. The raw milk undergoes thermal treatment followed by concentration (approximately 17 %)…
Environment

Zihlmann U., Weisskopf P., Jossi W.

Soil mineral nitrogen dynamics in plots of organically and conventionally grown potato

In the DOK long-term field experiment two organic (D: biodynamic; O: bioorganic) and two conventional (K: mineral fertilizer plus farmyard manure; M: mineral fertilizer only) farming systems have been compared. In 1999, 2001 and 2002 dynamics of mineral nitrogen (Nmin) in plots planted with potato was analysed in the 0 to 100 cm soil layer.…
Animal production

Schaeren W., Sollberger H., Münger A.

Once-daily milking in late lactation: milk and cheese quality

Milking dairy cows only once daily in late lactation increases the physiological changes in milk composition compared to „normal“ milk. Milk fat and protein contents are considerably higher, coagulation properties are deteriorated, plasminogen and plasmin concentrations are higher and pH is slightly increased. In spite of this critical transformation properties, up to 50% of such…
Agricultural economics

Durgiai B., Müller R.

Project Opti-Milk: economic planning

In the framework of the project Opti-Milk of the Swiss College of Agriculture an ambitious but realisable planning and implementation concept was individually established for two groups of nine farms each following the high yield (HL) or the full grazing (VW) strategy. Both strategies showed a considerable potential for the sustainable improvement of the competitiveness…
Plant production

Suter D., Briner H.-U., Mosimann E., Stévenin L.

Variety Trials: Meadow Fescue and Red Fescue

Between 2001 and 2003 Agroscope FAL Reckenholz and RAC Changins, the federal research stations, tested 19 varieties of meadow fescue and 13 varieties of red fescue. The varieties were compared in yield, juvenile development, vigour, persistence, disease resistance, competitive ability and adaptation to higher altitudes. With red fescue the winter hardiness was also accounted for.…
Plant production

Delabays N., Mermillod G., Bohren Ch.

Herbicide resistant weeds in Switzerland: past, present…future?

The number of herbicide resistant weeds is worldwide rising. In Switzerland too, resistant biotypes have been reported. In this paper, we present the chronolology of the development of herbicide resistances in our country, up to now limited to triazines and ureas. We also discuss the risks of resistance development associated to the use of sulfonylureas…
Agricultural economics

Flury Ch., Gotsch N., Rieder P.

A new concept for direct payments related to land use in the mountain region

n this article, the system of direct payments linked to land use – so-called site-specific payments – is evaluated. Model calculations for the Swiss Alpine region show that a regional differentiation of these payments results in efficiency gains. Any new organisational concept for direct payments in the mountain region must distinguish between the objective of…
Agricultural economics

Kaufmann R., Pfefferli S.

What does the FAT do? Current project portfolio

Agroscope FAT Tänikon’s main research priorities for the 2004-2007 period can be described as follows: Economic analyses and forecasts for the agricultural sector produce decision bases for agricultural policy. The subject matter of our investigations covers productivity development, use of public funds, the direct payment system, dairy farming, food chains and the economic situation of…
Agricultural economics

Pfefferli S., Kaufmann R., Meier W.

Orientation of the FAT`s work 2004-2007

Agroscope FAT Tänikon’s main research priorities for the 2004-2007 period can be described as follows: Economic analyses and forecasts for the agricultural sector produce decision bases for agricultural policy. The subject matter of our investigations covers productivity development, use of public funds, the direct payment system, dairy farming, food chains and the economic situation of…
Agricultural economics

Flury Ch., Gotsch N., Rieder P.

Structural change in support of future-orientated mountain agriculture

Structural change has become a central theme in debates on agriculture and, at the same time, is likewise getting more and more attention at the regional policy level. Regardless of the particular position supported, discussions focus mainly on the extent of structural change that is necessary, from a long-term point of view, to ensure that…
Animal production

Kohler S., Blättler Th., Wanner K., Schäublin H., Müller C., Spring P.

Project Opti-Milk: Cows health and fertility

With a contribution of 30 – 50 %, fertility problems and mammary infections are the major cause for the preliminary elimination of cows in dairy production worldwide. Fertility and health therefore also were important indicators to compare the high yield (HL) and the full grazing (VW) strategy in the Opti-Milk project. For both strategies, no…
Food

Thomet A., Bachmann H.-P., Schafroth K.

Standardisation of cheese-milk with microfiltration

Micro filtration (MF) is especially suitable for partially concentrating cheese vat milk with a protein and fat content of 5 – 6%. The quantitative ratio of the principal constituents, protein fat and lactose, can be set fairly precisely by the use of MF – technology (filter 0.1 mm). Thus it is possible to correct for…
Plant production

Schubiger F. X., Alconz E., Streckeisen Ph., Boller B.

Restistance to southern anthracnose (Colletotrichum trifolii) in red colver (Trifolium pratense)

The degree of resistance to Colletotrichum trifolii was highly variable among red clover cultivars. Seven weeks after spray inoculation plant survival ranged from 3 % to 52 %. The new cultivars Pavo and Merula exhibited the highest level of resistance. The other Swiss cultivars of the persistent «Mattenklee» type showed an intermediate level of resistance.…
Plant production

Boller B., Tanner P., Schubiger F. X.

Merula and Pavo: new, persistent red clover cultivars of the Mattenklee type

Our two new, diploid red clover cultivars Merula and Pavo are distinguished by their excellent persistence for three years. Thus, one of the principal assets of «Mattenklee», a persistent form of early flowering red clover of Swiss origin, sees further improvement. Stands of Merula and Pavo suffer much less from attacks by Colletotrichum trifolii, the…
Environment

Jöhl R., Knop E., Herzog F., Jeanneret Ph., Walter Th., Duelli P, Ewald K. C.

Low intensity meadows harbour endangered grasshoppers

Ecological compensation measures (agri-environment schemes) in agriculture aim at the protection of biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. An evaluation of the effectiveness of these measures in preserving and increasing biodiversity is therefore essential. We studied the grasshopper fauna on the most common type of ecological compensation areas in Switzerland (low intensity meadows) and compared it with…

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